Method of protecting piles from erosion



Nov. 15, 1932. J. J. COLLINS METHOD OF PROTEGTING PILES FROM EROSION Filed Oct. ll, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 15, 1932. .1. J. COLLINS METHOD 0F PROTECTING PILES FROM EROSION Filed 0G13. ll. 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 4.

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NOV. 15,1932. L- L COLLlNs 1,888,073

METHOD OF PROTECTING PILES FROM EROSION FLled OC.. l1, 1929 5 Sh3el'.s-Shee1'I 3 FIG. s.. FIG. e. ,8 f l 5111x114 oz Patented Nov. V15, 1932 f UNITED STATES PATENT'- JEREMIAH J; COLLINS, or ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, AssIsNORTO RAYMOND, CONCRETE PILE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., e CORPORATION OE NEW JERSEY METHOD 0E PROTEOTING PILES EROM ERosIoN Application led October 11, 192,9. `Seria1 vvNo. 398,841.

Thisinvention pertains to improvements 1n .concrete piles-forcertaln conditions of dock and pier work under which the piles.'

must be protected from erosion. Y

customary to meet that condition by simplyY making the piles large enough in cross-section so Vthey would be able to carry their loads even after Aconsiderable erosion has taken place. That, however, is not a satisfactory solution, especially when it calls for eXtra heavy piles, as for instance when piles24 inches square and 70 to 80 feetlongare called-for. Such piles weigh 20 to 25 tons each. Special cranes are requiredl for handling them, and special pile drivers for driving them. The transportation and rentso high as to -be often prohibitive.

In orderto successfully meet the conditionsv outlined abover the presentinvention contemplates the placing of pipe piles, protected by externalconcr'ete sleevesextending upwardly from below theflow Water l'ineltov the top of the piles. A pipe. pileis formed by first` drivingv a steel pipe of lsufficient strength-and stiffness to resist crushing, and thenV filling the pipe with concrete. I the pile is long, the pipeis composed ot'lengths coupled together; The pipecan be transported while uncoupled, coupled on the job, and, on account of its 'comparatively ,light weight, can be driven by an ordinary pile driver. v

Suchfapile, in tide water, requires pro.-

tection only on the ,surface which 'is alternately wet and dry. The area below the vlow water mark will in some waterslast indenitely. yEven ifthe pipe should Aultimately rust away, the inner concrete, being reinforced and thoroughly cured,` will still function as a concrete pile.:

The principal object'of the invention-is to provide` protection for.: the alternately Vwet and dry portion. e

Further and other objects and advantagesy willbe apparent from `the specification and a j of theinvention. Asis well known, when piles are subjected .Y

claims, and Vfrom the accompanying drawings which show by Yway of illustration what lsnow considered. the preferred embodiment l Fig. 1 is a'view, partly brokenaway,

ing a'completed pipe pilein position before the protecting shelly is applied.

lFig.` 2lis a view showing thegtirst steps of the application of the concreteshell, the shell.

being in cross section.' v Y Fig. 3 yis the same viewjas Fig. 2, after the i shell has been secured in position and the space between shell and pile illed withgrout.

Fig. 4 is a side view. of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a view on the line G-f-G Aof Fig.` 3.V Fig. 7 is a viewfon the line 7-7 of Fig, 3. Fig. Sis a view o the completed pile in; positionk with protecting shell lg-Ioutejd in place. l

Referring to Fig. 1,;9 isthe pile, in which 10 designates a steelV pipe 'whichfhas V'been provided with a driving shoe12, then driven to substantial footing 14 gand^ Vfinally filled Fig' is a view on th line 5&5

with concrete 16 in) which .have-been embedded reinforcing bars. 18. The above pile j forms no' part; ofthe present invention. l'

Afterthe pile vhas been placed, arei concrete sleeve is *@Ppled, n extending lfromV belowlow watermark to thetop of theJ pile. The construction off the shell 2,0 will be'understood from Figs. 2 andt.'y It isl simply an annular ,sleeve having `an internal diameter forcedv somewhat'greaterthan the external diameterv y of thepile, andpr'ovided; at `its upperrend with inwardly projecting earsr 22. When the shell is placed on the upperfjend of pile 9, ears l22 rest on the top of the pile andjsupport the shell asin Fig. 2 with anfannular'..

space 124 between pile and shell. Conical' surfaces 21 act automatically to ,centeri the shell, i. e.,'fo`rce the shell toa position. conf. centric with the pile .and to .hold it there during subsequent operations. In ordcrto Y secure shell andpile together and preventV access oiwater` tothe pile pipe, space 24is filled with grout, which,l when set,.binds shell e and pile into an integral structure; In jorder' essary to temporarily; close the -lower endl of.`

'to `hold the grout in place until4 set, itis 'nec p space 24. This is done by means of an annular plate 26, a top view of which is shown in Fig. v7. The plateis split on line 28, the adjacent surfaces being provided with wedge shaped ears 30 (Figs. 4 and 7) projecting outwardlyand upwardly fromlthe upper flat surfaceot-lic plate. The inner vends' of'ears 30 are so placed as to contact with the outer bottomofftheshell. 20 whenitisin place.H Lugs 32,',similarly placed,`serve to. centen the shell on the plate inthe other direction. `'Ilie circular opening in the` centeroplate 26 isof proper diameter to snugly ft around the pile pipe, whereby shell 20 islheld concentric with the pile. Radial ribs 34,36, and annular rib 381Y underneatlh plate' 26g-serve to stiiwenv thel operation isf-performed' nndef'rlfwater. fbyI ai'd- Y of the cables. llacli-'cablefconne'ctsadjacent ends-oftlieftwolhalves'offplate 26.' To place th'e'fpl'ate inlfpositiong each? cable i '-is 'passed over a cross bar 44 supportedffby'fcable46 whiclrfpasses-to' afhoistin'gfdrum; One-section ofiplateQ'-is placedoneachsi'deof sh'ell 2Uand cable e46 lis lowered until thefplatesec# against tlie outer 'ri-mieli' "ther'shellg and ribV '38 against pile' 9?' Figfl2`sliowsfthe-parts in the position"justdeseribed` Although platef'26 is now in proper position to close the bottom' ofi'space'i24",J` it isnot locked-i inplace' securely enoughfftoaresist fdispla'cement; 'grout be poured into' .spaces 24Eg4 VThe loclring"isi per'- formedl by'gejlongated 1oopsf48, made Ipieter-- 'f ably from roundfsteel barss;y 'lflieloops1 are drivengtlie lower ends-'Voli tlieljoopsIengageltlief sidsoflersi@ I to f *force{tlemi together and at' ltlieisameltimef force themupwardly, thus lioldingtlieitwo halves I of plate-26 rrm ly aroundl thefpileandi 'firmly againstir the Vbottfomfo'f the 'sl'iellgas-in Figsf 'an'd`4.lr n

' lli-itl# plate: 261`secure'd?" as above described, grout' islpouredlinranyconvenient man-ner,

i I asfr"instancetlirougliIspoutf58to fill space 24liasv-sliown mostfclearlyfin'` 3. "After Y tliegroutfhas set," wedges154ffarefslaclred o,

jas

water bythe'J concrete* shell? integral with tlie'pileprop'en" 1 engager geen pipe-mf@ jtiaeafall getlir bycouplingsfGOXFig: 8). l-one of the couplings happens to be at the point where plate 26 is Vto be applied, a special plate is used with a central opening of proper diameter to engage the coupling.

lt is to be understood that the invention is not limited .to Athe specific: embodimentiihereiii-illustrated and? describedbutimaybe used in other ways without departure from its spirit v'asmleiincd' by theollnwingclaimsw l'. Apparatus for placing va shll'around tha-upper f portion-of7 ay pile in tide water,

comprising in combination, av plate in sec- `tions,,j.wedge-shaped:fears on said sections, Vand'means adapted for manipulation above- Vthe i shell a fter "th'elower f end ci; the shelll i s' submerged. j

2.1" The invention? set-forth' in claimf l,-v in which said :wed-ging means comprises affsteel3 loop I having a' lowerendf adapted' to'fen'gage" thef'sur-faces o f'ftheA wedge-sh'apedflea''rsfsuliil stantiall'y asldescribedj if 8: The inventionsetifortlin claimhlgiin which said wedgingx means 1 comprises steel? loop litwin'gVv 'a'flower endfadapt'ed to' engage the surfaces,vv of ythe l Wedgeeshaped# ears,f\andf' means-i`or forcing' saidj loopsIl upwardly?, substantially-aswdescribedfi. f 4. Apparatus 1 for; placingfaf sli'ell around? tions, ears on said sections, andineansadptl ed for manipulation yabove water 4level forengaginglsaid ears 4:to#clarnpsaidsections about said pipe-belowfthe shellafter the vlower.' end of'the'shell is submerged, said ea'rs'se'-rvin'gY also Y to i'center the 'sliellY relativeljy to2 the' pile,

substantially as Vfdescri'bed shell about a pile fronif a position above'l high Vwater gtfoja'v` position below low fwat'er; the

ste slof lacing 'about the i'lea' shell offsu P P P licientf inside diameter toprovide an: annular space between shellf'andf-pile, applying'a' iii-I5 plate 'about the I'JilefbelowV the? sliell after the lower' end' of the"A shell is *submerged '-'Where vby the lower end of, the annularsspace-issealed; 'and Vlilling saidi' space' with'groutljM shell about a pile from a position above high Y water to a position below low water, the steps of placing about the pile a shell of sufficient inside diameter to provide an annular space between shell and pile, applying a sectional device about the pile below the shell after the lower end of the shell is submerged whereby the lower end of the annular space is sealed,

filling .said space with grout, and removing said sectional device.

9. In the process of forming a concrete shell about a pile :from a position above high water to a position below ylow water, the steps of placing about the pile a shell of suficient inside diameter to provide an annular space y between shell and pile, manipulating devices above water level whereby a device is applied below water level for sealing the lower endr of said annular space after the lowerend of the shell is submerged,and illing said space with grout. i l

10. In the process shell about a pile from a. position above high water to a position below low water. the

steps of placing about the pile a shellof sulicient inside diameter. to provide an al1-- nular space between 'shell an-dpile. manipulating devices above water level whereby a device is applied below water level after the lower` end of the shell is submerged for sealing the lower end of said annular espace,

filling Vsaid space with grouhand removing said sealing device by manipulating said above-water devices.

, 11. The method of protecting a'pile'from erosion of tide water comprising Vthe steps of placing about the upper end of the pile aV concrete shell having internalears thereon whereby the shell is suspended from the top.

of the pile to providean annular space between shell and pile 'toa point belowlowv water level. sealing the lower end of said .space after the lower end of the shell is submerged, illing said space with grout, and removing the sealing device.

12. The invention set forth from above water level'.

Y 13. VThe method of protecting a pile VfromV erosion of tide water comprising the steps of placing about the upper end of the pile a concrete shell having internal ears thereon whereby the shell is suspended from the top of the pile to provide an annular space between shell and pile to a point below low water level, applying a sectional sealing .de

vice about the pile below the shell after the lower end ofthe shell is submerged, and

wedging said device againstv the bottom of the shell.j Y

In vtestimony whereof I hereto aiiixkmy signature.

of forming a concrete Y A inclaim l1 in which said sealing device 1s manipulated` JEREMIAHJ. ooLLrNs. 

